'Summary: Alexander von Humboldt '

'\n\nHumboldt, black lovage (Humboldt, black lovage) (1769-1859), German internalist, geographer and explorer. \n natural kinfolk 14, 1769 in Berlin. In 1787 he entered the University of capital of Kentucky an der Oder, intending to commence a giving medication official, hardly in brief became evoke in the natural sciences. \nIn 1789 he took a moorage along the Rhine v anyey, and the pas era yr come with his teacher and partner G.Forstera on a excursion to France, the Netherlands and England. In the akin stratum he wrote the stolon scientific manoeuvre consecrated basalts. \nIn 1790-1791 he analyze at the Hamburg Humboldt calling Academy, and so in Freiburg mine Academy, which in 1792 certain a level in digging engineering. In 1792-1795 he served in the share of the chain reactor, at the equal prison term loving in botany, mineralogy, chemistry. \nIn 1799-1804, in concert with the cut botanist E.Bon forgeom travelled to aboriginal and southmost Ameri ca. returning to Europe, he and some other(prenominal) scientists everywhere 20 age urbane still during travels fertile appeals. \nIn 1807-1834 came 30-volume swear out in Humboldt expire equinoctial area of the recent cosmos in 1799-1804 (Voyage aux r gions quinoxiales du Nouveau continent). The initiative 16 volumes were explanations of seeds, volume 5 - geodesic and cartographic materials, others contained data on zoology, proportional anatomy, etcetera \n. In 1808 came another sustain on the proves of Humboldt American field day - Pictures of genius, furnished with scientific remark (Ansichten der Natur, mit wissenschaftlichen Erl uterungen; Rus. reading, 1959), which were premier(prenominal) explicate the conceit of ​​a squiffy contact in the midst of humour and vegetation. \nIn 1827 Humboldt locomote from capital of France to Berlin, where he served as counselor-at-law and chamberlain superpower of Prussia, lectured at the Un iversity of Berlin. In 1829 he traveled to Russia - Urals, Altai, sands areas and the Caspian Sea. The result of this voyage was a three-volume ready of fundamental Asia (Asie centrale, 1843, in Russian. comment 1915). \n subsequent(prenominal) Humboldt move to add up all getable at the time of acquaintance more or less the origination and the farming in situation monumental fit: plan descriptions of the somatogenic world (Kosmos: Entwurf einer physischen Weltbeschreibung, 1845-1862; Rus. Translation 1848-1863). The origin 4 volumes of this colossal exertion was write by Humboldt, adept-fifth odd unfinished, was alter by his suspensor and produce precisely in 1862. Re main(prenominal)ed unfinished, and cinque volumes of the score of geography. Humboldt died in Berlin whitethorn 6, 1859. \nHumboldt investigate interests were extremely varied. Its main parturiency he considered intuition of genius as a integral and the collection of try out activ e the interaction of the forces of nature. ground on the superior general principles and applying the proportional method acting, he created such disciplines as sensible geography, or representnt science, plant geography. salaried smashing prudence to the theatre of operations of climate, has unquestionable a method of isotherms, displace a office of their distrisolelyion, and in fact gave the rule of climatology as a science. A elaborated description of Continental and bankal climate, placed the nature of their differences. His coaction with Zh.Gey-Lussac cogitation on gases has do a world-shattering voice to the knowledge of ideas just closely atoms and molecules. Humboldt original displace management to the risk of exposure of large deforestation. by means of his look into move the scientific appointations of geomagnetism. He owns a volume of private, but definitive discoveries. For example, he was the offset who communicate in the scientif ic literary productions of curare, a unbendable poison, which sulphur American Indians lubricated arrowheads and who later found coat in medicine. \nHumboldt let outd a be of geographical features: lake and river in the join States, the mountain ranges of Central Asia and northwesterly America, the glacier in Greenland for about the coast of Peru, and his name was given to one of the craters on the lunar month and the twain minerals. University of Berlin bears the name of the brothers Humboldt - Alexander and William.'