Watergate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Watergate - Essay ExampleFinally, faced by a revolt from within his accept party, he chose to step d induce. How did it come to this? The answer lay in the Watergate hotel complex and the break-in of the antiauthoritarian matter Committees headquarters there. The actions undertaken by Nixon and his lieutenants with regards to that event were unacceptable to Americans (Liebovich, 61). They belonged to a country like Romania or Guatemala. Americans had not died during the new War against a tyrannical king only to have their president claim he was preceding(prenominal) the law. This paper will discuss the Watergate Scandal and the events leading to Nixons resignation from the presidency. Following the discovery of the break-in to the Democratic National Committees offices, both the courts and the media began to trace things up the chain of command. Reporters such as Woodward and Bernstein published stories linking some of Nixons close set(predicate) aides to the break-in. These me n were then forced to resign. Congress began its own investigation, and Nixon also appointed Archibald Cox to be an independent investigator (Kutler, 330). The ties and connections between the burglars and Nixon were murky and complex. Every string that a reporter pulled ended up leading to another string or connection. So m any(prenominal) people appeared to be either obscure or trying to protect the president. During the hearings, one of the men who worked in the office of the presidents counsel was asked if there was any sort of recording device in the Oval Office. It was revealed that Nixon had recorded all conversations (Kutler, 383). These tapes were subpoenaed precisely Nixon refused to release them, verbal expression that they were covered by his executive privilege. This created a showdown. Most people felt that Nixon was refusing the release the tapes because they were incriminating. Nixon claimed that they had a coarse deal of privileged information on them. At this p oint, due to the many revelations, Nixon had lost the benefit of the doubt. Conversations on the tapes showed that Nixon had discussed with John Dean the paying of blackmail money to the burglars (Liebovich, 60). Dean, the former White House counsel, later became a key witness against Nixon in the hearings. When the tapes were finally released, an 18 minute gap was discovered where portions of the tapes had been erased. This was thought by many to be a virtual admission of guilt, taking into consideration the massive mendacity that had to that point been supplied by the Nixon administration. Several to a greater extent months passed. Nixons men were indicted. Congress began to move towards a process of impeachment after more tapes revealed that Nixon knew more about the break-in than he had originally suggested. The result was that Nixons position became untenable. He was extremely unpopular and his own party planned to vote against him. He decided to resign. A lot about this scanda l is compose unknown. One thing that it is easy to judge, however, is that this is an example of the maxim, the cover up is worse than the crime. The break-in was clearly illegal, but if Nixon had said at the beginning that this was bad and had turned the burglars in, it seems unlikely things would have ended up as they did. Instead, dozens of people became involved in illegal actionespecially obstruction of justicein trying to cover things up. Nixon thought he could fire special prosecutors at will. He relied on peoples patriotism to protect himself. In the end, the American people had had enough of the spectacle he created. They were disgusted with him as their leader and he never recovered his reputation again. The coda of all of these events was surely the Frost/Nixon interviews of the late 1970s. These conversations, the first with Nixon since his

The Alcan Case Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Alcan Case - Coursework ExampleAdvantages and Disadvantages of the current Alcon technology infrastructureWhen Robert Ouellette joined Alcan as the Vice President - Corporate IT, the company was found to spend 80 % of its annual IT budget on external consulting and outsourcing services and also on hardware equipment and software. The annual budget for technology infrastructure was estimated to be around $76 million. Alcan had a complex technology infrastructure to support its diverse business operations. This consisted of four hundred net offices and half a dozen main data touch on centres. Under this regime, Alcan also used extensive hardware equipment including 3,000 servers, 31,500 personal computers and about 9,000 laptops. In addition, the IT employees had to manage information in 30,000 voicemail boxes and also answer 3,700 calls per month. To facilitate the smooth functioning of such technology infrastructures, Alcan had forged partnerships with numerous IT firms. Th us the current technology infrastructure include a range of diverse equipments.The companys network was extremely complex in nature. Alcan had certain clusters of interdependent sites through a period of continuous acquisitions. Different suppliers provided service on these networks it included cosmic suppliers like MCI, Equant, Bell, Videotron as well as small local suppliers. In order to access the commutation network adept had to go through many of these interdependent sites which were linked to a master site which in turn was linked to another master site that was finally connected to the main network of the company. So, a person wanting to access the company network had to go through a egress of sites before that. As Alcan increased its acquisitions and sales, the clusters of these sites also multiplied in number. Gradually the whole system became so complicated that it started giving rise to instabilities within the network. It was hard to predict the after effects of remo ving even one single link, but it could be safely presumed that the consequences would be difficult to manage. (Dube, Bernier, Roy 2009, p8) Alcan had contracts with six several(predicate) companies till 2009 for managing its six main data processing centres. They included the Hewlett Packard and the T-Systems in Germany, the T-Systems in Paris, the IBM in Toronto, the CGI in Montreal and the CGI in Saguenay. Thus, a lot of time and resources were spent in managing these different contracts. Gradually, the responsibility of simultaneously managing the six data processing centres required a greater amount of technical expertise than that which was already available within Alcan. (Dube, Bernier, Roy 2009, p8) Advantages and Disadvantages of the virgin-made Alcon technology infrastructure Alcan started implementing an infrastructure standardization plan in 2003 after it had acquired Pechiney. Under the regime of the new technology infrastructure, an Infrastructure Shared Service Cen tre was first set up for bringing the networks, servers and workstations to a common platform and thus decrease the complexity of the existing technological installations. Though the operations of the different business groups varied widely from each other, their technology infras

Theories of Ethnicity and Nationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Theories of Ethnicity and Nationalism - Essay ExampleShe writes The two postwar periods of intense affirmation of ethnic categories in personal, social, cultural and political life were both unexpected. Indeed, in some quarters, re-attachment to the culture and community of birth was seen as a mistake of history. This is because of iv distinct but, in this respect, converging processes which marked the world order at once after the end of World War II first, the process of de-colonisation and development in Asia and Africa second, the process of consolidation in Europe third, the process of expansion and entrenchment of Soviet communism and fourth, the mankind, in 1945, of the United Nations extinct of the ashes of the League of Nations. These great readations were expected to create social conditions in which ethnicity and its related phenomenon, nationalism, would be superseded by more modern, universalistic, rational, civic or class-based forms of military personnel identif ication, striving and association and by international or transnational forms of human governance. (Epstein, 2009) Following this, the important circumstanceors to note in post-war concepts of ethnicity are that nationalism and ethnicity had joined with fascism in the regimes of Germany, Italy, and Japan and this is largely credited with the aggression that fueled WWII. There is a perceived inherent danger of fanaticism in the fusion of identity politics and nationalism with ethnicity that led many to conclude that such belief was a mistake of history. (Epstein, 2009) However, in each instance where Leoussie cites popular expectation academically and popularly for a rejection of ethnicity in favor of international institutions or class-based structures of identity, historical evolution has proved that it did not in feature occur as expected. From this, Leoussie suggests that there are a number of backlashes, that occur in post-war academia that transform the way theories of ethnic ity are posited in sociology particularly, but also in related fields of anthropology, history, linguistics, psychology, etc. The four converging processes cited by Leoussie in the post-war era contain innumerable frameworks where theories of ethnicity and nationalism were proved false by subsequent historical development. In the first instance of de-colonisation in Asia and Africa, it is inevitable that liberation process and creation of new national identity would give birth to a stronger patriotic spirit in the natural population. However, many of the colonial areas were Western border constructions and the ethnic mix of the indigenous population contained innumerable distinct tribal groups, for example as in India, leading to further fragmentation of national identity on ethnic and religious lines, as in the partition of Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Socialist and Communist elements of national liberation struggles clear expected the new identity to be based on class-consciou sness and not ethnicity, and this is replicated in the Soviet example in which innumerable ethnic minorities were repressed. Leoussie cites European integration post-war as a process despite the fact that the continent was divided during the Cold War because the division was on the ideological grounds of communism vs. capitalism rather than based on traditional

Causes Won, Lost, and Forgotten Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

prepares Won, Lost, and Forgotten - Essay ExampleIn Causes, we fuck off how visual representation may knowingly or unknowingly color our understanding of past events, and queer the many ways this has occurred in the specific history of the Civil War in the United States (US).Gallagher employs a lucid framework of analysis he identifies four major interpretive customs that find their way on screens and canvases, namely the Lost Cause, the sum total Cause, the Emancipation Cause, and the Reconciliation Cause traditions (2008, p. 2). The Lost Cause regards the Southern secessionist waul as a nation building movement of valor against insurmountable odds, with scant attention to slavery. The Union Cause portrays the Norths unflinching commitment to both retaining a united American nation in the face of Southern secessionism and preserving democracy. The Emancipation Cause deals squarely with the issue of black Americans liberation, and the Reconciliation Cause attempts to emphasiz e the uniquely American values that both sides stood for, even though they sought different ends (Gallagher, 2008, p. 2).As the author maintains, though each of these have remained distinct interpretive scales of judgment, they have experiences a fair microscope stage of overlap. But, Gallagher is careful to determine the remit of Causes scope at the onset and says that he makes no claim to assign a history of the Civil War in American film, (2008, p. 9) and reaffirms that his analysis does not stretch to the television. He says Whether intentionally or not, films and artwork convey elements of the four interpretive traditions, and how well each of the quartet has fared sheds light on their comparative vitality (Gallagher, 2008, p. 10).In Causes, Gallagher identifies the emergence of two key themes firstly, he finds that the Lost Cause tradition has gradually done worse in films since the days of Gone

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 55

Case hold - Essay ExampleThis implies that Ms. A has progressively lost excessive amount of decline thus resulting in the reduction of her iron levels.Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia especially among women. Iron is a fundamental composition of blood. Among the common causes of the iron-deficiency anemia is excessive blood loss as is the case with Ms. A. heavy menstrual flow among women is the leading cause of iron loss thereby causing the anemia (Fry & Sandler, 1993). Ms. A explains that ever since she was ten she suffered from both menorrhagia and dysmenorrheal. The excessive loss of blood results in the loss of the red blood cells thus reducing the amount of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a significant section of the red blood responsible for the red pigmentation of the blood. Besides coloring the blood, hemoglobin transports oxygen to the various tissues of the body. lush shed blood thus results in the loss of hemoglobin a feature that impairs the functionality o f the body tissues since they will not receive adequate amounts of oxygen (Hoffbrand, Moss & Pettit, 2011). Oxygen facilitates metabolism. As such, people with minimal amounts of oxygen will escape adequate energy.Ms. A has noted specific symptoms since the beginning of the current golf season. The symptoms include shortness of breath, insufficiency of energy and enthusiasm among many others. These symptoms are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia. As explained earlier, excessive bleeding results in the loss of hemoglobin a pigment responsible for transporting oxygen to the tissues of the body. The lab report provides compendious symptoms of the iron-deficiency anemia. Key among the components of the lab report is the fact that red blood cell smear showed microcytic and hypochromic cells. This implies that the red blood cells appear pale and thinner than in normal circumstances (Uthman, 1998). Ms. As blood appears so owing to the deficiency of hemoglobin in her red

Discrimination in the Workforce Problem-Resolution Essay

Discrimination in the workforce Problem-Resolution - Essay ExampleNow let us set what may be the goal to be formulated by the leader to achieve a improve result where the problem of discrimination arises. offer/GOAL The best way to combat workplace discrimination is to disallow it from happening in the commencement ceremony place. So the first and foremost aim or goal should be always ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Henry Kissinger US diplomat & scholar national security advisor 1969-1975 Secretary of State 1973-1977 Nobel Prize in pacification 1973 3Solution for the discrimination of the workforce revolving around the elimination of the so called discrimination of work force in the workplace. design It is vital for any organization to formulate the objectives to attain the above said goals.The desired objectives should be, 1. To achieve a change in mortals life and to improve their life opportuniti es,2. To keep an accelerate quality of life for whateverone as long as possible in the face of infirmity and adversity,3. To keep people untroubled from harm and harming themselves to others. (2) To achieve these objectives which are aim to eradicate the discrimination of workforce in the workplace some strategies must be brought in.STRATEGIES1. To educate and make the leaders and the workers aware of their rights and...But the employer or leader is the sole and primordial body to prevent such inactivity right before the outburst of the crisis for the well being of his dep kiboshents and to a fault for the benefit of the company.As Henry Kissinger (1) the task of the leader is to get his people from where they are to where they have not been. So for a leader it is import display varied leadership styles according to the demands of the diverse situations. To prevent the problems want discrimination of workforce and safe guard the interest of the employees the leader has to acquir e the tactics like vision, strategy, communication, buy-in, motivation, empowerment etc. Besides he has to plan an overall goal to achieve the thriving end and also he must have precise objectives to gain this goal. Now let us see what may be the goal to be formulated by the leader to achieve a better result where the problem of discrimination arises.3. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC),(2004) in Annual federal Sector EXCEL Program for Government Employees, Managers, and Union Officials from August 30 to September 2, 2004 in Las Vegas, Nevada.disability. A strong prevention program helps employers comply with the law and breaks down barriers to employment opportunities.

Company law Reform Bill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Company law Reform lodge - Essay ExampleThese managers together argon called the Board of Directors. Since all the film directors cannot execute individually they elect oneness among them as a Managing Director. The board of Directors will take all policy decisions in the Board see and the Managing Director executes the decision taken by the board.The proviso 741(1) deals with the definition of directors, this proviso is an inclusive provision which says the directors allow properly establish directors, de jure directors like governor, not properly appointed directors such(prenominal) as de facto directors and bum directors. Charlesworth & Morse, Company Law (1999) aDe facto Directors De facto Directors are those who act openly as directors and they claim to be directors on they being performed the functions of the directors, though they are not properly appointed. These directors are recognized as de facto directors for only that power point during which they acted so. Char lesworth & Morse, Company Law(1999) bIt is a decided law that individual who claims to be director by de facto has to agnise a plea and establish that he has undertaken such function of the company which would have been undertaken by the director only, but not simply to show that he has under taken the and discharged the functions which the management downstairs the directors could not be under taken and discharged.Re Richborough Furniture Ltd 2In this case it was held that De facto director should satisfy either of devil tests such as (a) he is sole person directing the personal matters of the company or (b) he was acting on par with other directors in directing the affairs of the company, if there are other properly appointed directors.Secretary of State for plow and Industry v. Lating 3In this case while approving the two tests it was held that by simply satisfying either of the two test is not sufficient to claim as de fact director, but he should be unchanging acting as such, which means that the de facto director is recognized as director only during the period in which he is acting as per the two tests. Once he ceased to be acting as such he would be ceasing to be de facto director. The court in another case Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v. Hickling 4 approved this Shadow Directors Section 741(2) of the companies act 1985 defines shadow director as a person in accordance with whose directions or instructions the directors of a company are accustomed to act. Professional persons on whose, advise the directors act are excluded from this definition. Shadow directors are vicariously liable for the action of the directors whom they appoint or control. This provision aims at preventing the persons escaping from the liability under the shelter of a board of marionette. The directors of a subsidiary who are working under the directions of the directors of the parent company then the directors of the parent company are called the shadow direct ors. (LS Sealy, Cases and Materials in Company Law) cRe Hydrodam(Corby)ltd 1The court held in this case that one has to satisfy the quaternary conditions for adjudicating a person as shadow director such as (i) he is properly appointed or de facto director (ii) the director directs the other directors in which manner they have to function in relative to the company (iii) the other directo

Colonization in Pakistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Colonization in Pakistan - Essay ExampleBritish colonizers got access to the field during the reign of Sikh rulers. However, in 1857, Sepoy Mutiny, an Indian Rebellion, initiated a struggle against the British colonizers. Also Indian National Congress spearheaded several non-violent freedom struggles in previous(predicate) 1900s against the British. Britain could not resist the opposing powers and it ended its rule in Pakistan in 1947. Modern state of the outlandish was, therefore, established on August 14, 1947. The country was then partitioned into five provinces East Bengal, Balochistan, West Punjab, North-West margin Province, and Sindh. The partitioning process, however, led to riots across Pakistan and India (Lieven, 2012). War in Pakistan Pakistan has had four major warfares since emancipation. The first war was the Kashmir war in 1947. The war was triggered when the country gained control of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir. The war winding Pakistan and the neighboring India. The two countries were later involved in war in 1965 and in 1971. The latest war was the Kargil war, which occurred in 1999. Pakistan has also had several skirmishes with its northern border country, Afganistan. Famine in Pakistan Famine in Pakistan is attributed to unevenly distributed rainfall patterns. Famines in the country soak up caused various devastating effects. isolated from leaving large expanse land derelict, famine in the country also triggered bushfires in various locations. Dereliction processes encounter not only created food shortages, but have also resulted to death of humans and animals because of hunger. Famines in Pakistan are, therefore, considered as an economic crisis because many resources are spent in mitigating them. Relations with African Countries Pakistan has strong traffichips with countries in both Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa. The relationships are evident in the Pakistan embassies in African countries. Also, business relationships be tween Pakistan and African countries exist. Religion is another area where Pakistan and Arab-related African countries intermingle. In Tunisia, Pakistan supported the country in taking full control of Bizerte. Apart from offering support in various tasks or projects in African countries, Pakistan also helped some African countries during their fight for independence. Pakistan, for instance, supported Algeria during her independence struggle. Relationship between Pakistan and Egypt, Libya, and both Sudan and South Sudan is attributed to similarity in religion. Libya, however, shares similar culture with Pakistan. Pakistan has diplomatic relations and it maintains honorary consulate with various Sub-Saharan African countries. African countries with good relations with Pakistan include Congo, Botswana, Kenya, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Malawi, Mauritius, Madagascar, Lesotho, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, and Somali among others (Lieven, 2012). Strengths of Pakistan Pakistan has been development its strengths for three main reasons eradication of poverty, increasing overall gross domestic product of the country, and lowering inflation rate. As strength, location of Pakistan is an advantage to its economy. The country is located at the corridor of major maritime oil issue networks. That is, the country is a major oil producer in Asian countries. Through exploitation of the graphic resource, Pakistan has significantly improved its economy. Advanced technology and accessibility to infrastructure is another strength point of the country. Apart from, having modern

Cell Phone Use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cell Phvirtuoso Use - Essay ExampleDuring the early periods, cell squalls were considered as a luxury and only the business class was able to tolerate its expenses. Today, almost every individual approach shot from different classes occasion cellular phones during their commonplace life. These devices ar utilized by individuals in various aspects of their everyday life these devices atomic number 18 thus far commonly used while people are moving from one place to a nonher. A huge population of drivers welcome report using cell phones while they are whimsical. Increase in number of people using phones while travelling have resulted in several(prenominal) road accidents and have not only led to damage to assets but have even resulted in several deaths. These incidents have made policy makers stand against the use of cellular phones while driving and these concerns have been addressed through restrictions through rules and regulations. Jurisdictions that have not yet levied suc h bans are even debating everyplace banning the use of cell phones while driving. This paper will argue on why the use of cell phone should be banned or restricted during driving and what measures are already in place to control this act. BodyThere have been various changes in trends on who uses cell phone devices and for what purposes, they are using these devices. According to Cain and Burris, the number of people using these devices for family business elevated from 40% to 61% during the era of 1990 and 1998 (Cain, 1999). The NHTSA reports that the 15% of individuals who have not graduated from juicy school, 26% of individuals who have graduated from high school 30% of those who have not yet completed collage and 40% of those who are collage pass outs are cell phone users (NHTSA, 1997). A common application of the use of this device is during driving a vehicle. The NHTSA and Cain and Burris reported that around 90% of the owners of mobile phone use the device during driving. Th e PCIA have reported that those who use mobile phones for over 1 hour per month account for 15% of the owners of this device, those who use it slight than one hour but more than half an hour account for 15% of owners, those who use it between ten to thirty subtiles account for 20% o the owners and those who use it more than one minute but less than 10 minutes account for 39% of the owners (PCIA, 1999). An accident can result not only in loss of property it even results in loss of life. When an accident takes place, the people manifold directly in the accident can experience hurt at the level of getting minor injuries to the extent of losing their lives. Accidents can lead to heavy damages to very expensive vehicles, along with the incident of damaging public assets. Other expenses or negative impacts of an accident include loss of working hours, insurance cost, effective costs and huge health care bills. In case of an accident taking place in urban regions, huge traffic jams t ake place due to which the emergency service providers may not be able to respond in a timely manner and people end up losing their lives. The negative effects of a collision caused due to usage of hand held phones during driving have change magnitude the concerns of policy makers, organizations and insurance companies and various other stake holders. When drivers use cell phones during the act of driving, they are indulged in various activities related to the use of cell phone while driving. Drivers engage in actions such as finding the device, dialling the number, sending and receiving messages and ending the call. These activities do not only distract drivers physically but even emotionally. Drivers are emotionally distracted if they are being a part of an emotional conversation. Odgers stated that drivers are highly distracted during the

Challenges In The Field Of Human Resource Development Essay

Challenges In The Field Of Human Resource Development - Essay modelThe essay Challenges In The Field Of Human Resource Development overviews the challenges that race met and will meet during the phylogenesis in the field of human resource development. There argon some(prenominal) challenges that lie beforehand in the future of people in the field of human resource development (HRD). It has evolved over the years and many new hurdles will test the theories used and practiced in HRD. So many people are already analyzing what the prognosis is for the future so to deal with new complexities. However, if HRD is anticipated and the future of it is projected, we are jumping ahead of what the relevance of todays theories are at this time. With the new world ahead of us, will we be prepared to take on the new challenges that we will encounter? Some of the questions face up today and how they are practiced in HRD include the leadership challenge, diversity, globalization, the collision of the generations, applied science, longevity and the workforce gap. Everything in HRD is revolutionizing quickly. As more people are entering the workforce, some leaders seem to be ad-lib for their roles they have been promoted into. Globalization and technology are revolutionizing at fast paces as we expand business and intercommunications with different countries and watch as ever-changing technology makes things completely unpredictable as one aspect of technology becomes new and learned, it quickly phases out. As generations begin to work alongside each other, there will briefly be five different generations by the year 2050.

Targeted Organization Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Targeted Organization Summary - Essay ExampleThe federation is also dynamic and is expounding scope. It has for example been planning to expand its ventures into the Arctic waters from primary dependence on the Mexican gulf. The company has also been active in ensuring preventative in its ventures, a move that contributed to its temporary worker clearance for the Arctic exploration. Though a number of regulatory measures still face the company everywhere the exploration, there are high chances that a license will be granted. This will even expand the companys scope for a more explorative work environment (Broder and Krauss, 2012).As a public health expert, I have the potential to design and implement the organizations strategies towards natural rubber of employees. My potential will therefore help the company in realizing its commitment and policy statements towards employee and environmental safety (Static, 2009).Broder, J. and Krauss, C. (2012). Shell clears major hurdle in it s bid for new Arctic drilling. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/science/ earthly concern/us-tentatively-approves-shell-spill-plan-for-new-arctic-drilling.html?_r=1Static. (2009). Shell commitment and policy on health, security, safety, the environment and social performance. Retrieved from

Investing Money towards Retirement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Investing Money towards retirement - Essay ExampleIn the United States traditionally p bents assume the cost of putting their kids through college. financial backing the college education of two kids can become a very expensive ordeal. Like most working adults surface-to-air missile is struggling to get by, but he realizes he has to start saving towards these two goals or he wont have enough time left to accomplish his goals.Sams master platform entails saving $150 a calendar month for the foreseeable future in erect to put his two kids through college and to be able to retire at the senesce of 60. His two kids argon age 3 and 8 years old. Assuming his two kids leave alone start college at the age of 18 like most teenagers Sam will have to start spending money on college tuition 10 years from now. Sams plan of saving 150 a month implies he will save $1,800 a year. Assuming he leaves the money in the bank and makes 1% rate on his saving Sam will have 10 years from now $18,919.2 5. This come in of money is not sufficient to put his elder kid through four years of college. Sam needs to make adjustments to his plan. The simplest way to adjust his plan is by making better investment options that will allow Sam to make a higher return on his investment. Depending on the banking industry for long-range savings is not a wise move due to the extremely low- touch-rate that this industry offers. Typically interest earns on a banking account is not sufficient enough to offset inflation.Mr. Johnson has to start an investment plan that is aligned with his long-term financial goals. Investing money is not a rocket science, but it requires a person to get educated on financial tools such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. Common stocks are one of the simplest types of investment options. A common stock is the transfer of a piece of ownership in a company in exchange for cash.

TMA02 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TMA02 - Essay ExampleThe propaganda of the Reformation started through and through Lucas Cranach also known as the Elder who is wiz of Martin Luthers closest friends and also a publicist of some sort considering the era. He published a pamphlet with 26 woodcuts an illustrated Passional Christi and Antichristi that each had com manpowerts create verbally by Philip Melanchton. It was an attack on the pope which identifies the pope as an Antichrist and contrasts it to the true Christ. It had since become a popular antipapal put down which was reprinted a number of times with different editions. An example of this image depicts Christ driving out the grasping from the church on the left while on the right is an image of the Antichrist seated in a throne with opulent jewelry together with bishops and cardinals offering various extravagances for his desire (last name author year, pp. 18-19).It is one the Reformations greatest weapon that its main catalyst, Martin Luther, was adept in writing and communicating with the earthy people. Although he was already excommunicated in October of 1529, he still enjoyed freedom because of Frederick the Wises patronage. His pamphlets originally written in German allowed for his ideas to be expressed clearly to the readers while they are simultaneously being entertained. The lectures and sermons which he has authored became very popular and boundless in terms of societal status. He continued to preach and turn out sermons amidst all his works. Another action that the Reformists took which contributed to their success includes their use of the vernacular during their sermons for the people to better understand their ideas. These men were also defied authorities when some of them had a knack for translating the bible in their own languages. This was something unprecedented as the Latin form was the sole language of the religion. This is founded on their belief that their

Comparison of the retail for Soda for Kroger and Circle K Essay

Comparison of the retail for Soda for Kroger and Circle K - Essay ExampleIn comparison and contrast to Kroger, Circle K utilizes a much more aggressive level of ad with respect to their own line of soft drinks. Publicity, direct marketing, sales and promotion, advertising, and interactive marketing all reanimate a prominent role with respect to the degree and extent to which Circle K wares are correspond to the individual consumer within society.Interestingly, with respect to store design and display, Circle K helps to differentiate and separate the product that they are promoting as compared to Kroger. As such, rather than displaying Circle Ks line of soda immediately alongside its competitors, it is represented within an entirely different section of the store lending it to be understand/interpreted by the consumer as not only a replacement product but someways incomparable.Once again, the retailers agonistical advantage is with regards to low-cost. However, in addition to t his low cost competitive advantage, Circle K is also able to offer the consumer with the tangential benefit of a great many another(prenominal) different choices as compared to the

Measles Outbreak in America Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Measles Outbreak in the States - Research Paper ExampleReasons for VaccinationIt is difficult to comprehend why any person would indispensableness to halt or slow such progress, but maybe it is due to the misinformation of such individuals that forces people to abbreviate the effects of non-compliance. For starters, there is no definite treatment for measles. The only things that can be treated be the symptoms that are brought on by measles. During the post-eradication phase of measles, the highest number recorded for measles cases was as low as 37. This is according to the CDC, which was responsible for vaccinating the the Statesn public against the spread of the disease. Even the cases that were present had originated from outside the country. Since then, America is now recording its highest number of cases, which was estimated at everyplace 600 cases at the end of the year 2014. In January 2015, over 100 cases were reported.In terms of vaccination, one dose of the MMR vaccine can last an individual a lifetime. It is meant to protect against measles, mumps, and rubella. The use of this vaccine has increased the reduction rate of measles cases by 99%. For a highly contagious disease, this is an incredible number, meaning the eradication of this disease is possible. The aim of vaccination is to elicit genuine responses in the immune system, which are often similar to when one is infected with the measles pathogen. In response, the immune system produces antibodies that fight against the disease, which means the individual vaccinated does not build up any dangerous symptoms.

Formats of Income Statement and Balance Sheet Essay Example for Free

Formats of Income Statement and Balance Sheet EssayIncome statement In the field of furbish up proprietary and partnership concerns there argon no prescribed forms of the income statement and rest poll. Their preparation is overly desirable but not compulsory. However, they are generally inclined(p). In the case of craft concern, a trading flyer and in the case of a manufacturing concern, a manufacturing account and a trading account earth-closet also be prepared. In such a case, the account heading is mentioned as follows Manufacturing/trading and cyberspace and divergence account. In the case of joint crinkle companies preparation of the make and loss account and balance sheet every year is compulsory. There is no prescribed form (except in the case of banking and amends companies) of the income statement or profit and loss account. The account is titled as Profit and loss account The results of manufacturing and trading activities may however, be shown separately in the account. The profit and loss account is usually prepared in a T shape. In the case of joint stock club, the manufacturing, trading and profit and loss account is prepared in the above format except with three modificationsI.The heading given is hardly Profit and loss account for taxation in the profit and loss account II.The net profit is shown after making provisions for taxation in the profit and loss account III.Figures, for the previous close, if any, fork over also to be given. Profit and loss appropriation account In the case of joint stock companies, a profit and loss appropriation account is also prepared. It explains as to how the profit earned during the period has been distributed. Balance sheet There is no prescribed form of balance sheet for a bushel proprietary or a partnership concern. However, the assets and liabilities may be shown in any of the following ninesI.Liquidity orderII.Permanency Order In case the concern adopts liquidity order, the assets w hich are more readily convertible into funds are taken into account initially and those which are not so readily convertible are taken into account subsequently. Similarly those liabilities which are payable first are taken into account initially and those payable later on are taken into account subsequently and so on. In the case of permanency order, the reverse order is followed. As per the law applicable to some governments, every balance sheet of a gild shall give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the society as at the end of the financial year. Similarly, every profit and loss account of a company shall give a true and fair view of the profit or loss account of the company for the financial year.

Putting It All Together Essay Example for Free

displace It All Together EssayA Childhood to Remember Memorial Splash Park has done for(p) through the early planning stages. It is now clock to take what the committee has composed on paper, and bias it into a reality. The planning stages has taken a number of three months to accurately address timing, sitting/sizing, cost, electromotive force be intimatementding, and residential sphere research for the honey oil. Once those issues were calculated and discussed, then the additional issues of which park elements will be used, security, and attention of the slop park was addressed. The proposal of Memorial Splash Park has been presented to the board, as well as completely research in regards to cost, sitting, sizing, funding options, equipment/labor needed, security, maintenance, and fellowship surveys. The proposal was voted 6 to 1 in elevate of tress of Memorial Splash Park. I, and the committee, have to decide to break ground September 4th, 2012 and complete be nd exactly four months from the date. A brief, but detailed, account will be given as to the move taken over the four months to get the park up and running.Planned Cost of Construction in front construction could begin, total cost had to be calculated for Memorial Splash Park. Once every saying of the planning stage was researched and gathered, C. Faye (assigned committee member to calculating cost) used this equation to the overall cost of switch = Cost of resort sphere equipment + Cost of installation + Cost of surfacing + Cost of design fees, grading, landscaping, and other expenses = essential project cost or budget (Ruth, 2008). This basic equation will help the project quench within budget and the time frame set.Month 1 Underground WorkBefore each park elements could be laid down, the old knowledgeability of the area selected had to be broken up and the universe dug up to view the current pipe and run offage system (see appendix plot 1). It was the dogged that mini mal issues had to be addressed to make the pipe and drainage system adequate to serve the call for of the splash park. What saved a great deal on time was the fact 4 in. polyvinyl chloride pipes (not metal) were in place. Once the minor issues were addressed, the system was tested and inspected it was passed by the citys lead structural engineer. This initial work out took a total of both weeks to complete.Now that the meet pipe/drainage system is in place, foundation has been laid in the respective areas for the full hoops beg and water area. These areas required a picky concrete blend. The playground area foundation will be composed of a shock absorb material that will help make that area safe. To reduce the risk of injury due to falls, playground equipment should be located above a shock-absorbing, or safety surface (Ruth, 2008). It is imperative that children safety be first and foremost. The laying of foundation on each specialized area took two weeks.So the total proc ess correcting pipe/drainage system to laying the foundation was one month. Month 2 resort area Construction Once the foundation has properly dried and been tested, it was decided to start piecing together the playground area (see appendix diagram Playground Area). After much consideration, it was agreed upon going with pressure-treated wood with a insinuate of durable recycled p final stageic over galvanized steel and aluminum. It will give the area a modern however familiar feel. We decided to go with the equipment manufacturers option of a community build. This helped save 25% of the cost of the playground.The community build allowed for the community to come together to erect and assemble the play structure. The manufacturer even provided helper to help organize a successful Build Week, and also trained supervisors to oversee the work. This fictionalization of the playground area took a total of two and a half weeks, and the remainder of the month was left-hand(a) over(p) -hand(a) to rigorous testing of the structure. Month 3 Splash Area Construction, so far, has gone as planned, until a three straight days of rain occurred. This pushed back the start of the splash area (see appendix diagram Splash Area) by a week.This part of the process did not involve the community elaboration and was immaculate by the hired construction crew plus a structural engineer. The elements of the splash park include galvanized steel parts to make the different structures that water will shoot, spray, and pour down. Also, during the laying of the foundation process, holes were make in order to allow for water to shoot up from the ground, allow for the placement of made structures, and to drain the water out. The different colors chosen were to help bring about good vibes and fun times. Once every structure was composed, it was set and mounted in its respective place.The process took four week exactly and passed the structural engineers approval. Month 4 Basketball Cour t Area And Clean Up The construction of the splash area went over by a week due to rain. This left three weeks left until Memorial Splash Park was completed. The last thing was finishing the full court basketball area (see appendix diagram Basketball Court) and cleaning up before the grand opening. The court was left for last because it will take the least union of time to complete. First thing that was done was to surface the court with lights. The surfacing process took no more than three days.Lastly the court was lined and painted and allowed to dry. The basketball court construction was completed in a week and a half. The final week and a half was left to an intense community cleanup, with proper disposal, and reevaluations of each area. Each area was again passed and what could be recycled was indeed. Additional Structures and Services As each area was built, there were also a specified amount of benches, three medium covered picnic areas, grills, and a mile walking circle enc losing the park added. These additional structures will assist in appealing to every one of all ages.The committee left no stone unturned when planning out Memorial Splash Park. Additional services mustiness be provided to keep the park in pristine condition and safe for the patrons. Maintenance will be done quarterly by the Park and Recreation Department for the city. They will be accompanied by a structural engineer to ensure the structures have not been compromised by nature (severe thunder, hail, and rain storms) or defaced. Also the park will be opened from 800am to 1000pm and will have two plain clothed armed security guards on duty during those times.The security guards are there to forfend sexual predators, bullying, gang activity, and fighting. We want everybody to be able to come and have a great time without worrying about anything. Conclusion Memorial Splash Park opened to great reviews seven months after a small committee came together to make a change. A community ba rbeque/splash day was held and everybody was invited. The overall goal was to provide a safe and free place where children and families can enjoy themselves. The construction process was broken down over four months, with each month dedicated to the twist of a specific area.Each structure brought about its own set of challenges, from making sure proper pipe/drainage system was in order to dealing with the elements. The project managed to stay on budget and within the time frame allotted. Memorial Splash Park would not have been the success it is with the involvement of the community. They helped with the building of the playground area as well as the cleanup. Memorial Splash Park was innate(p) out of the need to return fun to the children of the community as well as bring the community together. All it takes is few willing minds to do something bigger than them.

Different economic factors Essay Example for Free

varied economic factors EssayIn this report I am going to describe the way that Cadbury ar affected by different economic factors. I leave describe the influence of two secernate economic environments on the business activities inwardly the organisations. I depart then comp ar the chall(a)enges to selected business activities within the organisations, in two different economic environments. Recession Recession is when the gross domestic turn upput (Gross Domestic Product) falls and goes negative. The GDP represents the wealth of the sparing. When there is a time out there is a decline in business activity, everyplace to a greater extent than a few months. Employment sites, household income, business profits and investment spend all decrease while unemployment rates and the amount of bankruptcies rise because multitude begin to be more detailed with their money and are little prepared to buy high priced items, for example cars and houses. People tend to consider l ess risks when investing their money and companies also cannot really afford to be employing as many pot and this is how the unemployment rates increase. The affect of recession on Cadbury Recession go out affect Cadbury but not withal drastically.The reasons for this are that plenty entrust still continue to buy Cadbury products because they are a low priced product and still affordable to many people. The gross bargains for Cadbury may even increase during a recession because people may fall into comfort eating over the recession which would result in increased sales for Cadbury. More expensive products, for example Cadbury gift boxes and celebration cakes however, will decrease in demand and sales for these products will fall fairly drastically because they are higher(prenominal) priced than single bars so less people will be prepared to spend that amount of money in a period of recession.This will however increase the sale of small, individual bars. In a recession Cadbu ry will intimately be able to recruit people. This is because a higher percentage of people would have been made additional from their previous jobs and so they will be happy just doing a job until they find something better. They will not be as bothered if the pay rate isnt as high or if they dont pose any benefits, they will just be happy about earning money again. Therefore in recession recruitment for Cadbury would be an easy dish as a large amount of people will be smell for work.Cadbury would also be able to pay a reduced wage to rude(a) employees. Economic Growth Economic Growth is where the wealth of the increases, this can be measured by looking at the GDP (Gross Domestic Product. ) As the wealth of the economy is growing there is a higher demand for a businesss products or services. When there is an economic growth, people tend to feel more safe(p) about their jobs, their sense of job security increases and they therefore feel more comfortable about spending out lar ger amounts of their money.It is during a time of economic growth that people will be more likely to make up out a loan with a bank or buy a high priced item, for example a car because they will be confident in knowing they will be in their job further down the line. The affect of economic growth on Cadbury When the economy is growing, Cadbury will see an increased demand for their products because more people will be happier spending their money. The sale of larger, more expensive Cadbury products will also increase because people wont mind paying out more money for these, unlike they would if there was a recession.Cadbury will have more employees during this time because they will need to keep up with the demand. Recruitment however, will be a much slower process than it would in a time of recession. It will be a slow process because people are already likely to be in a job working so it will take a longer time for Cadbury to gain workers. Cadbury would then have to run a higher rate of pay than other companies in order to get people to want to work for them. Most people would stay with their current job if the pay is similar. This could be costly for Cadbury as they will have to offer as much as they can afford in order to attract people.

U.S. and China’s Future Essay Example for Free

U.S. and chinawares Future Essaythe States is a stiff country with a coached market delivery and capital economical potential. the Statesn foreign policy has a great lure on the hale homos. The main goals of the States on the internationalist market are to create a elective world for the Statesn people and all former(a) people. The era of globalization presumes the developed ne 2rk of contacts with other(a)wise countries and the States is very successful in this aspect. china is another influential country. Big population and quick sparing growth have made this country an consequential figure on the world political stage. kinship amongst china and the unify States have beard major transformation during fail fifty geezerhood. Americas foreign policy is greatly influenced by its economical and political interests. A serious psychometric test for America was The Great Depression. The Great Depression became the biggest economic fall during the history of th e United States, which stared after the furrow Market Crash in 1929. Trade and personal income experienced a finish of great disintegration during this time. Depression quickly became widespread to the most countries of the world.Economic instability finally led to the development of anti- republi shadow regimes in many countries, such as Germany, Italy and the USSR. The government of the United States managed to overcome the Great Depression without turning to dictatorship. offset from the 1933 Roosevelt insisted on the necessity of a restructuring of the economy in order to avoid another depression. impertinently helping hand programs, aiming to stimulate demand and create work places, have been created. In contrast to many counties, which could not chance a way to solve economical puzzles, the United States of America escaped this danger.This fact weed explain the further successful Ameri eject development on the world market. World fight II has had a great impact o n the position of most countries on the worlds map. after the experience of the World War I the United States of America took disallowive measures when the World War II skint out. Hostility of Japan and threat of Nazi regimes to democracy made the United States of America take an busy spark in this bow of state of warfare. Trying to keep neutral position the USA did not start war actions until the attack to Pearl Harbor.America being an active social functionicipant insisted on the Unified Allied military Command for all the aliens, except the USSR because the Soviet Union did not want to declare war on Japan at first of all. In 1944 together British and American army attacked the Germans on the occupied district of France. At that time the Soviets were attacking Germans in Poland and Romania (Friedman, 63). The United States of America took part in the WWII helped to stop national socialism and helped to save democracy in the world.It is undeniable to note that the most powerful countries then were the United States and the USSR and so they were taking the most important st countgic decisions. After the war the United Nations were created and America became one the tail fin permanent members of the Security Council. The Cold War was another period in American foreign policy. This war was aimed to limit the USSRs power all over the world and to find the balance. The US had established the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and got into close contact with chinaware during that time.America was spreading its influence in every receding of the world, while the Soviet Union, being weakened after the war, was losing its power and might. By the end of the Cold War America invaded Panama and made a number of campaigns in Central America. In 1986 the US was convicted of quaternate violations of international law and breaches of treaties against Nicaragua by the International Court of Justice in The Hague (Bunton, 64). Relations between the U. S. a nd Asian countries were not stable after the World War II, because of the so-called American dominance in the world.America was suspicious of Communist government of China making an assumption that China could invade all eastern Asia and so threaten America. China, in its turn, was afraid that America was going to weaken Chinese government. On the other hand, both countries saw the necessity in cooperation to escape the possible threats from both countries. Formally, America had not recognize China (Peoples republic of China) for almost 30 age and whole after the war this conflict was single-minded. After the Korean War, in which the United States and the PRC were enemies the relations between these two countries became frozen.The Soviet Union was more than than of a factor than the Peoples Republic of China in instigating the 1950 North Korean invasion of South Korea. In response, the United Nations Security Council undertook to assist by military means the Republic of Korea (Vogel, 167). All in all, this war has not had an official end only if it has had a great impact on the relations between China and America. After it the relations became distanced, two countries had stopped any cooperation. America was even doing its best to prevent China from entering the United Nations.It imposed an embargo on trade with China and encouraged other countries to stop their cooperation with China. In the middle of the last century the situation has changed. The United States wanted to spread its influence in Southeast Asia in order to have an access to Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia and the only way to do it was the advance of relations with China. America also required the Chinese market of over one billion consumers. In the year 1969, America removed an embargo on trade with China and took a number of measures to develop a bilateral contact.The negotiations lasted bowl the year 1972. In this year Pre human facent Nixon visited Shanghai, capital of Red China and Ha ngzhou and, as a result, two countries signed to the Shanghai Communique. According to this agreement China and America stated that they shared their views on foreign policy. Its main aim was to normalize the relations between tow countries (Harding, 143). All in all, America did not get all the profit it supposed to get from this agreement, as the American products could enter the Chinese market only in a few decades and their economic cooperation was very slow.To analyze the further perspectives of Sino-American relations, it is undeniable to get some information about Chinas economy. China presents a significant part of the worlds economy because of its geographical position, demographic factor and unique methods of economic development. The population of China proposes 20. 7% of the world total, the territory of China is 3. 70 million square miles, GPD annual growth is 7. 05% on average. China being under transition and developing in a unique way can give good lessons for othe r young developing countries.To analyze the position of this country in the rate of modern economy today it is necessary to get acquainted with the history of Chinas development. The first period on the way of its development is so-called Five-Year Plan 1953-1957 when the emphasis was made on the development of heavy industry following the Soviet Union example. The second step was Great Leap forrard 1958-1960. This period is characterized by raising of agricultural and industrial production following an own program, not the Soviet one.In 1966-1976 Cultural Revolution took place and, as a result Maos opening of self-reliant economy and political struggle and its pursuit appeared. In 1978 started the process of economic reformation that continues till now. This process is aimed to reform the planned economy into the market-oriented one (Buxton 219). Chinas reforms are often called economic miracle, as such progress and success is just unbelievable but the results are visible. Only i n year 1978 60% of one billion population lived below poverty and China was concerned as one of the poorest countries in the world.Beginning from the year 1978 China started its transition from a command economy to a market one and from the rural society to the urban one. China has chosen one of the fastest rank for economic and agriculture development and succeeded in it. The quick economic growth is the result of combination of part reforms and constant experimentation. There were made reforms practically in all areas but agriculture was the most better area. Agriculture played a very important role in eradication of poverty.By international carrelards, Chinas social indicators as reflected in close to universal access to primary education, low infant deathrate and high life expectancy have been outliers, in view of Chinas low initial per capita income (Hsieh, 37). The first actions that were interpreted about agriculture were the privatization of farming, intensification of i ndustry and rest of markets for many goods. The process of transition to urbanization took the US, for example, 47 years while China managed to double its income twice just in 10 years (1978-1996).If to compare economic geographical factors of the USA and China from the first point of view they seem absolutely different but it is only first impression. In fact, both these countries occupy large territory, which is rich in numerous mineral resources. Nature is represented by lowlands, highlands, mountains and valleys and this fact contributes to excellent conditions of economic development. Geographical factor is one of the factors which can explain such rapid and such successful development of the both countries. It is quite an another occasion that countries have chosen absolutely different ways of the economic development.According to the statistics of 1987 China was on the one-fifth place of long-run of Economic Growth while America was on the forth after Japan, Brazil, Canad a and Germany (Mankiw, 237). at present the situation has not changed very much and both countries sit tight on their positions and develop successfully. China was not in an enviable position after World War II. Due to American efforts it was set-apart not only from America but also from a number of European countries. Sino-Soviet Split was the last straw and there were even military tensions on the Soviet borders.It was necessary to improve relations with America because Chinas security was in danger. The rapprochement with the United States was of great importance for China. Now China was in security during the Cold War and could extend its foreign policy. China was by American side in the Soviet war in Afghanistan and Cuban movements. China and the United States had little political interaction until the middle of the last century. They did not even have direct diplomatic contacts. Only after the sixties the USA and China began active economical partnership. At the present mo ment they are major transaction partners.These relationships survived confrontation during Taiwan crisis and Tiananmen massacre of 1989. Economic relations are not the only point, which unites these two great nations. It is hard to underestimate the impact of China, as the most populous country of the world, especially after rapid economic development (Mann, 146). At the same time the United States of America is one of the most powerful counties of the world. race between these two counties guarantees not only economical privileges for both of them, but also begins important for maintaining peace in the world.The United States wanted to use China as a counterweight to the USSR during the period of the Cold War. It was difficult to develop relations between such closed political, social and economical unit as China, but President Nixon put much effort to develop this relationship. Henry Kissinger, State secretary of the USA also put much effort in building relationship with Chin a. His mission to Beijing was aimed to build the basis for future fruitful relationships between two countries. Relationships between the U. S.and China have become so useful for both countries that they continue them after the end of the Cold War. Economy is a cockeyed basis for Sino-American relationships but conflicts between two protects systems can become a serious problem in the future. All foretastes of American government that Chinese despotical political system bequeath step by step be transformed, like it has happened in other authoritarian countries, have gradually faded away. America, which serves a democratic ideal for the rest of the world, has to tolerate bad violations of human rights in China.In the 1960s, when relationships between these two countries were only developing the American government had very loaded determination that China would turn to Western value system and switch to democratic principles. Stolidly eyeing the authoritarian reality behind all the fine speech and sumptuous banquets that Beijing bestows on influential visitors, it is necessary to remember how sorry has been Chinas record on human rights in recent decades and how cravenly Washington has sought to sweep that record under the carpet (Mann, 112).China shows strong determination in its ruling regime and value system. Since situation is not likely to be resolved in the nearest future, it depends mostly on the United States how long it will tolerate such state of events. Directed by economic profit, the United States during the long period closed eyes on the political aspect of the problem. If such a tendency continues, the U. S. will experience a threat to lose a status of the carrier of democratic ideals all over the world. Close relations with the one of the most authoritarian counties of the world will finally compromise the United States.Governmental regime which exists in modern China is a mixture of communism and Nazism. Such a regime has nothing to do w ith western democratic ideals. In addition, China used such tricks as military and industrial espionage against the USA. The concept of human rights practise in these two countries are completely different and even incompatible. Nowadays it becomes more and more apparent that Sino-American relationships are based on completely different goals. During the long period of time the U. S. was expecting liberalization of the Chinese government and modernization of its policies.As to China, it gladly accepted any kind of help in modernization but did not let interferer within inner policy of the country and rejected any attempts to liberalization. Since it becomes more and more evident that China is not going to change its governmental regime and economic structure, the United States has to choose if it is ready to prolong its relationship with this country or not. One of possible solutions would be a picky attitude, proclaimed by Harding. He proposes to develop realistic and nuanced po licy toward China, and I agree with him.(Harding, 214). It is quite evident the U. S. will not be able to break its relationships with one of its major trade partners. On the other hand, it also evident that China becomes a dominant power in Sino-American relationships and if the situation is not changed recently, it will gain more and more power and knowing about the authoritative nature of Chinese governmental power, it is hard to predict all possible bad consequences of such interaction. First of all it is necessary to get rid of romantic vision of China as a country with the developing democracy. cerebral attitude to China, as to an independent counterpart in a complex balance of power can help the United States to renew health balance in these relationships (Harding, 217). In this way in 10 years Sino-American relationship will depend on the role the U. S. chooses inside of these relationships. It is quite evident that such kind of relationship is satisfactory for China and not satisfactory for the United States. If the U. S. does not agree to stand its role in these relationships any more, it will have to build a thoughtful strategy aiming to make China accept not only economical interaction, but also political ideas.If this happens, relations, despite they will be transformed, will stay in the form of close partnership in many fields. If this does not happen we can expect cold and disaffection in the relationships between these two countries. It is obvious that such close economical ties, which exist between China and the United States can not be mortified in one day but they will be gradually reducing and this short take down will be initiated by America. By that time China will have to make a difficult choice. It is evident that it needs American support and funding for the economical growth and development.On the other hand China is very reluctant to seek any compromises when it comes to internal political changes. In the topic this country does not decide to make any changes towards liberalization, we will most probably face the free fall of Sino-American relationships. This crisis will be hard to overcome, so America has finally to get rid of its idealistic hope that China will turn to liberalization and democracy. It will count only on concrete facts and song and if China does not provide sufficient proves, crises will not be overcome. So, next ten years promise to be very important for Sino-American relationships.After these ten years we can expect two results. Either China turns to liberalization and enters world of Western ideals of democracy as a peer, or it returns to its estrangement from the world culture, policy and economy. The impact of these two scenarios on the Sino-American relationships is evident. In the first end (if China turns to liberalization and democracy) these relationships will become even closer and bring profit to both countries. In the second case these relationships will gradually decline a nd even lead to serious conflicts.Works CitedBunton, T. S. , and Kathleen J. Michels.2005 REPORT TO CONGRESS OF THE U. S. -CHINA sparing AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION. 2005. China Economic and Security Review Commission. 27 April 2007 http//www. uscc. gov/annual_report/05_annual_report. php. Buxton, Leonard H. China The Land and the People. New York Gallery Books, W. H. Smith, Pub. , 1988. Cohen, Warren. Americas Response to China. Columbia University Press, 2000. Eckholm, Erik. Clinton Urged to Meet Top China Dissident. New York time 20 June 1998. Friedman, Milton and Anna Jacobson Schwartz. A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960. New York Gallery Books, 1963.Harding, Harry. A Fragile Relationship The United States and China Since 1972. Brookings Institution Press, 1992. Hsieh Chiao-min and Jean Kan Hsieh. China A Provincial Atlas. New York Macmillan Publishing, U. S. A. , 1995. Mankiw, N. Gregory, et. al. , Principles of Marcroeconomics. First Canadian Edition, D ryden, Harcourt Brace Company, Canada, 2003. Mann, James. About Face A History of Americas Curious Relationship with China, from Nixon to Clinton. Vintage, 2000. Vogel, F. Ezra. alert With China U. S. /China Relations in the Twenty-First Century. W. W. Norton Company, 1997..

Public life Essay Example for Free

frequent life EssayEarly Years When browned and his family moved to New York, he learned that the pro- hard workerry forces in Kansas were confrontational. browned leftfield for Kansas by and by learning that the families of his adult sons were completely unprotected from any possible attack. He collected funds and weapons along the way and even held an anti-slavery convention in Albany. Despite the stir because of his clog up for unrest to liberate, embrown still managed to get financial support. He take oned more anti-slavery forces in Ohio. dark-brown and his forces were going to stop at nothing to stop the pro-slavery actions in Kansas.He believed that the pro-slavery forces, or the Border Ruffians, forget eventually become violent themselves. He used this as justification for his disregard for the law. Brown was provoke by the violence displayed by the Border Ruffians, and overly the political manipulations happening to quell the northern emancipationist move m anpowert. Brown learned that his family was to be attacked next by the Border Ruffians and the pro-slavery neighbours squealed ab pop out the support that his family was giving him. In May 1856, five pro-slavery settlers were chargeed by Browns hands.They were taken from their homes and slashed to death by swords. accord to Brown, he did approve of the murder, still he neer participated in it. Two of Browns sons were captured by Henry Pate, a pro-slavery captain. But Pate was soon captured with twenty-two men. Pate was forced to sign a treaty that exchanges their freedom with the freedom of his two sons. Pate was released, exclusively his sons release was to be postponed till September. Pro-slavery forces from molybdenum came to Kansas under the command of Major General John Reid.They headed towards Osawatomie, Kansas, determined to crush the abolitionist forces there. several(prenominal) of Reids men killed one of Browns sons in the morning of August 30, 1956. Brown was cl early outnumbered by Reids pro-slavery forces, but they still defended their posts. They managed to wound 40 and kill 20 of the Reids men. Reid ordered his men to retreat into the forest, and Browns men managed to capture four of Reids men. This display of bravery in that situation that clearly went against him was viewed as an act of heroism by Northern abolitionist forces. Brown was thusly known by the nickname, Osawatomie Brown.A month easyr, Brown met Free State leaders in Lawrence to financial aid plan for a possible assault by the pro-slavery forces. Pro-slavery forces from Missouri were engaging attacks in Kansas. Battles ensued, though stupendous damages were nipped in the bud when Kansas governor John Geary called for disarmament and moroseered clemency to soldiers of both sides. Brown fled from Kansas with his sons to gather more funds and support from the north. Brown travelled eastward to collect more funds. In his travels, he met with many prominent abolitionists l ike William Lloyd Garrison and Gerrit Smith.Some of the wealthy abolitionists he met agreed to provide Brown with funds. This group of financers become known as the enigmatical Six. How much of Browns plans the concealed Six knew still remains a mystery until today as these men were just there to fund Brown with no questions asked. On January of the following year, Brown stock pledges of weapons from different abolitionist organizations and individuals. He travelled more and continued to look for funding. He received help in forms of numerous pledges but little of these pledges were translated to cash.Brown met with Hugh Forbes in New York in March. He hired Forbes to be the tactician and drillmaster of his army. Both met in Tabor and formulated a plan for their anti-slavery crusade in the south with them disagreeing with some of the details of the plan. They left for Kansas six months later without Forbes receiving his salary. He decided to leave for the east instead of going w ith Brown to Kansas. Brown travelled to Ontario to attend a Constitutional Convention. Chatham, Ontarios population were mostly dominated by slave fugitives. It was here that Browns provisional constitution was adopted.Brown was elected as the commander-in-chief and Elder Monroe, an African man was elected as minister, and shall act as president until a new one was elected. more of the delegates signed the Constitution, but only a few joined Browns forces. Many intend to join but Forbes attempted to reveal the plans to Henry Wilson, a Massachusetts senator. Many of the members of Browns inner circle felt fear that their names will go revealed to the public. The members of the Secret Six were divided. Some of them wanted Brown to execute his plans rapidly, while some insisted for postponement.To derail Forbes knowledge of his plan, Brown returned to Kansas and remained there for 6 months. He joined forces with James Montogomery, the leader of the raids in Missouri. Brown led his own attacks, managing to set 11 slaves free. He took the liberated man with him to Detroit and to Canada. He went from city to city to collect more support. He reconnected with the Secret Six, visited his family and departed for Harpers Ferry. Upon arrival in Harpers Ferry, he rented a farmhouse nearby for his new recruits. He never received the number of recruits he expected to come to support him.He revealed the plan to some of his supporters and some of them explicit their worry and qualms about the plan. One of them, Douglass, already knew of Browns plan since 1859 and has tried numerous attempts to suspend the enlistment of blacks in Browns army. Some of the weapons fit for a thousand men arrived late September, but Brown only had 21 men. A month later, Brown led 19 of his men to attack the armory of Harpers Ferry. He planned to distribute the weapons here to arm the slaves in the locality. He would then lead these men to the south to liberate more slaves.His plan was to free t he slaves of Virginia to maim the institution and kill off the life-line that kept the economy alive in the south. They easily entered the town and they captured the armory with no resistance. They also spread the news to the local slaves they were going to be freed soon. Things went awry when a passenger train arrived in town. One of the train staff warned the passengers about Browns men. Brown ordered him to halt then, but seeing that his warning was not heeded, shot him openly. News of the raid reached Washington by late morning.Browns men were held inside the armory by the angry residents of the town. Military men sealed off the bridge, the only escape route available. Brown moved inside the armory and had the doors and windows blocked. The soldiers and townspeople right(prenominal) prevented the blend of anyone inside the armory, and sometimes, Browns men would shoot at the people outside. Brown sent out his son, Watson, and one of his men under the bearing of a white flag an d yet the men outside shot them. Exchanges of shots were fired, and Oliver, another of Browns sons were wounded and killed.On October 18, John Browns fortress was surrounded by the armed services. They were encouraged to surrender, but Brown refused, saying that he would rather die there. The military men then broke the doors and walls of the armory down and captured the men inside. Brown was charged with murder of 5 men, instigation of a rebellion among the slaves and treason against the state of Virginia. The court found him to be guilty on all three counts on November 2. He was sentenced to be publicly hanged a month later. On November 2, after a week-long trial and 45 minutes of deliberation, the Charles town jury found Brown guilty on all three counts.Brown was sentenced to be hanged in public on December 2. Before he died, he wrote, I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood. I had, as I now think, vainly f lattered myself that without very much bloodshed it might be done. METHODOLOGY The results of this study were obtained via data collection from documents from the internet, several books and journals. Data compendium of the information was performed and some personal opinions of the author were also injected into the analysis of the data gathered.

Definition of Communication Essay Example for Free

Definition of Communication EssayIntroductionWhenever we interact with other people, intentional or unintentional, we communicate beca put on of its abstract nature, the concept of communication is difficult to define. If one remembers Communication Theory as a Field (Craig 1999), we gain insight into the scientific fields of communication, on how diverse the fields of study rattling are. With such diversity among theorists approaches to communication, it is even harder to get a single rendering standing, at least at heart academia. The devil is in the details however several(prenominal) argue that it is rather impractical to study a subject that isnt well defined. A First Look At Communication Theory (Griffin 2012) offers a draws definition. (Griffin 20126) states Communication is the relational process of creating and interpreting messages that elicit a reaction. But does this definition of what communication is suffice in the light of what the different theorists argue i t is? This will be the main digest of my paper. I find it most reasonable to approach this question with two communication theories with different thoroughgoing approaches to communication. In order to cover two the interpretive and objective theoretical approach, I will treat the definition in relation to Constructivism and Semiotics.The DefinitionThe definition consists of five parts messages, creation of Messages, interpretation of Messages, A Relational Process, and Messages that elicits a response (Griffin 20126-9). Messages are the very core of communication study. (Griffin 20126). The creation of messages is the implication that messages is ordinarily not randomly generated (constructed, invented, planned, crafted, constituted, selected, or adopted (Griffin 20127)). A message does not hold a gist in and of itself e.g. there is a differentiation between the words and the meaning. Communication is considered a process, because it functions in a scopeual sense. In additio n, it is a relational phenomenon because it involves two or much participants and affects their connection. And lastly, if a message fails to broach any reactions, it would be ironic to call it communication according to Griffin.ConstructivismConstructivism approaches communication from the psychological perspective, focusing on cognitive competence in interpersonal communication (Griffin 201298). The level of interactional competence is determined by the sophistication of the actors social perception skills, and their ability to analyze the social situation (the cognitive complexity of an actor (Griffin 201299)). The cognitive complexity is reflected in the communication process through the effectiveness of person-centered messages. the strength to produce highly person-centered messages has been assessed by having participants generate messages in response to standard situations and accordingly coding these messages within hierarchical schemes for the degree of person center edness manifested.For cause, messages hitking to persuade others have been coded for the extent to which the goals and desires of the target are interpreted into account. (Brant R. Burleson, Scott E. Caplan 1998II,B) In a constructivist view, the communication process is more goal-oriented than relational. Constructing the message in a communicational context is in and of itself an intention to get an anticipated or desired reaction. The perception and processing of others intentional efforts to air some internal statemay be viewed as a special case of social perception (Brant R. Burleson, Scott E. Caplan 1998II,C). The turn to uses a received message as input in the process of structuring their response. The effectiveness of a response is directly correlated to the messages goal related structure, and the cognitive complexity and perception skills of both addresser and addressed.SemiologySemiotics is the study of signs it involves the production and the analysis of socially att ributed meaning to an object. The semiologist Roland Barthes focused his research on signs we use in communication (Griffin 2012332). In Mythologies (Roland Barthes 2009) we see that Barthes perspective on communication is broader than the interpersonal level, focusing more on abstract connotations and mythical signs in a cultural context. He argues that reality is converted into livery through human history therefore there are no eternal meanings (Roland Barthes 2009132). Concordantly, the meaning of a sign can shift as time progresses, an original sign could become a cite for something else through the semiotic process.The creation of meaning of signs is then not only an individual process it is besides a conjunction and ongoing process of communication and human history. Barthes offers a semantic explanation, in his example of wrestling, to the reactions of the audience towards the wrestlers (Roland Barthes 200911-12). Arguing that, with French wrestling, different connotation s around the mythical sign of justice were at interplay. So in the process of interpretation Meaning can be implicit. Unconsciously perceived as connotative factor(s) to what is consciously noticed, and then reacted upon.Directly applying the panes of discussionExtending the commonalities and differences between the two theoretical views, with Griffins definition, some battery-acids are very clear. Both view messages as the core instrument in communication and see it as a process. Both agree that if no reaction is elicited in any way, then the function of the message initially failed. The circumstances thereof are different in each point of view. However the aspects of messages in each theoretical view are defined in such a fashion without a response of any kind, it would be a contradiction to refer to them as such (If we, of course, interpret messages that elicit a response to include apathetic responses). On the points of objection, it seems mostly to be a case of weighing the w ords, when viewed by either theoretical lens. As an example on the point of a relational process, constructivists might prefer goal-oriented rather than relational. Or from Barthes perspective, adding a concept of creating meaning as a result of communication to the definition.ConclusionThe outlined approaches in this paper of constructivism and semiotics, display clear differences in the assumptions, focus-points and explanations of communication. However their general outlook does not, in any significant way, object to Griffins working definition. I think this outcome qualifies the definition as sufficient, as a practical tool when perusing communication. The evident boundary of my paper however, is the lack of other major theoretical lenses in the subject. Further work needs to be done in order to conduct a more unified definition.ReferencesBarthes, R. (2009). Mythologies. capital of the United Kingdom Vintage Classics. 3-14 and 131-144 Craig, R.T. (1999). Communication theory a s a field. Communication Theory, 9, 119-161. Griffin, E. (2011). A First Look at Communication Theory. 8th edition. New York McGraw Hill. J. C. McCroskey, J. A. Daly, M. M. Martin (Eds.). (1998). Communication and Personality Trait Perspectives. Cresskill, NJ Hampton, pp. 233-286, Website Presshttp//www.ic.arizona.edu/ic/wrightr/const/bu98b.htmII.B.%20CC%20and%20%E2%82%ACMessage%20Production%E2%82%AC

Islam spread rapidly Essay Example for Free

Islam dissipate rapidly EssayI went through various different websites on the profits trying to find out why Islam was spread so rapidly, I found so many another(prenominal) diverse answers, exactly the most answer that I kept on finding was The Sword. The sword is when Muslims yield non-Muslims two options, either they convert to Islam or they have to face death. Some intendd that illusionist Muhammad, ataraxis upon him, was a violent man, who forced non Muslims into Islam.They to a fault believe that Early Islam was less tolerant to other religions, other than that they believe that Arabs and Muslims in General hated Christians and Jews, and cute them to Vanish from earth. I disagree with what Ive read. Prophet Muhammad was known for his humanity and his respect for other religion, adding to that, he tried to follow the steps of the prophets that came before him, and he admired them. His main idea was to spread harmony between all religions and to create peace.Musli ms have not forced others into Islam and didnt pour down non Muslims because they wouldnt convert. Prophet Muhammad had announced to non Muslims that they only have to pay taxes if they didnt want to convert, other than that they were treated respectfully by Muslims and others. Also, Im not the only one who is disagreeing with such things. The webpage that I attached in the end of this paper also tries to show that Islam being spread by the sword is only a Myth. In the double-uern civilisation volume one book, starting from page 252 it speaks about how Islam was spread.It states that Islam was spread because of its harmony and tolerance also because of the Prophet Muhammad great personality, and not to forget about the holy wars and Abu Baker. Those had a huge impact on non Muslims who converted to Islam. The message of Islam in early days was rapidly spread through the Middle East, North Africa, Spain, West Africa, East Africa, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Central A sia, Afghanistan, India, Western China, and the Malay Archipelago.They all converted to Islam not because they were forced to, but because they have learned and saw how real Muslims acted and were. Prophet Mohammed has introduced Islam in a very lovable way, He faced difficulties, such as hater from Qurish, people threw rocks at him, and he was cursed and hit many, many times, however, he didnt stop. He continued spreading the Islam. A lot of people followed him and supported him, until the day of his death. After the prophet, peace upon him, passed away Abu Baker was firmed in spreading Islam around the world.Abu baker was declared as the caliph, and the second-in-command of Mohammed. He created a powerful military that restrained all the Arab trips that didnt accept successors establishment. Other than that, his force of military started to slowly bm further than the borders of Arabia. Not to forget to mention that Arabs were not interested in conquering other cities because they wanted to spread Islam. Arabians actually hoped that the cities they conquered wouldnt convert to Islam, so Arabians could preserve their own individuality as a ordering of leaders and tax gatherers.Anyhow, Arabia was mostly interested in conquering other cites for the wealth and the power, and as I mentioned earlier, not to spread Islam. There were a lot of weak cities beside them that motivated the Arabs to start conquering, also, the idea of radical riches played a huge part. There are a lot of reasons why Islam spread so fast, other than the ones that are already mentioned in this text or the webpage that is attached to this paper. People look at to know the truth about Islam, and nee to stop judging it based on Myths and lies.

Short Stories in the Gothic Horror Tradition Essay Example for Free

Short Stories in the Gothic Horror Tradition EssayThe genre of slight stories in the nineteenth century began to attract a wider audience all over the world. A very classical factor in the growing popularity of short stories was the vast interest in magazines and journals. The market in short stories was also expanding due to the easy money available to offspring writers. Through the nineteenth century at that place was significant improvement in the printing technology which gave more variety to magazines. The nineteenth century was a time without television or radios, which meant that reading out loud was a good form of entertainment. Gothic horror is a story, which usually contains murders and torture in many forms such as supernatural, mental or physical. A supernatural example would be like the film Chukkie, that is where cardinal dolls roam around Los Angeles kill people. Much gothic horror came in the nineteenth century written by Bram Stoker, one of his near famou s novels was Dracula. Gothic horror is also a form of statues, which represent a more grand look in a very distinctive style.I will be comparing two stories The Kit-Bag and The taste House.The author of the horrifying tale of The Judges House was the magnificent Bram Stoker and the author of The Kit-Bag was Algeron Blackwood.The Judges House is about a student, Malcolm Malcomson, pauperizationing to get away from the pressures of every day life. While Malcolm was temperamental about looking for accommodation, he finds this peculiar looking house with the cleaner working inside. After contract the strange house he got cut to studying. When Malcomson had been there for a couple of days, he spotted a huge rat in the corner of the room as he was looking at approximately strange paintings. The abutting day he asked Mrs Witham, the cleaner, to clay the huge paintings on the wall as dust and grime obscured them.Malcomson gets back from another hard day of studying and discovers th e picture behind the grime. It is a tag sitting in a huge h experient in, with a weird looking rope behind him. by and by that night a huge rat with baleful eyes enters the room and sits on the huge top with a rope behind it. Malcomson estimate this was familiar. He looked at the painting and realised that it was the attempts chair and that he was standing in the room the judge was sat in. He also noticed the judge was no longer in the painting.Malcomson slowly turned round and there on the expectant backed carved oak chair was the judge wearing his robes of scarlet and ermine, with his baleful eyes glaring vindictively. The judge then stood right up and pulled down the rope from the alarm bell and walked past Malcomson as if allure him to do something. Mrs Witham and village people broke into the judges house and at the end of the rope of the great alarm bell hung the body of the young student, Malcomson, and on the face of the judge in the painting was a malignant smile.T he Kit-Bag is about a man called magic trickson who has just dealt with a major murder inquiry. tooshieson, a young man of about twenty-six, had a delicate face like a girls. As he was loss the office, after hard days worked, he turned and said to his employer I knew there was something to ask you, would you head teacher if I could use one of your kit-bags? His boss replied Of course, Ill send Harry over with itOnce Johnson had the Kit-Bag, he packed it straight away as he was breathing out on holiday the very next day. While he was packing, he heard loud footsteps on the stairs below him. He thought it must be Mrs. Monk with his post, but the footsteps ceased. Ten minutes passed and the footsteps were getting louder and closer. Johnson decided to check what was going on. While he was there, he saw a strange figure dash into his room. Johnson could not think what had just happened.When he was walking back into his room, the Kit-Bag made a sudden move for the door and John Turk, the murderer appeared. Johnsons heart was pounding. John Turk was looking at Johnson as if wanted something from him .He said, Its my bag and I want it now. Johnson then collapsed and lay unconscious for a long time. After he had woken up, Mrs. Monk came into his room. She told him that someone was down stairs and needed to see him before he left. It was Henry with a nice clean Kit-Bag. He told Johnson that he gave him the wrong Kit-Bag. Henry had given him the bag from the murder scene and he told him the news that John Turk had killed himself last night in his cell at ten oclock.Bram Stokers writing involves a lot of Gothicism. He wrote many novels and short stories and amongst them The Judges House.Already two paragraphs into the story Bram Stoker is doing what he does best, being gothic, it says it was an old rambling, heavy built house of the Jacobean style, with heavy gables and windows, unusually small, and over higher than was customary in such houses, and was surrounded wi th a high brick wall massively built, so already we can imagine that there is this huge eighteenth century house that hasnt been touched for decades and is suitable for some strange goings on.

Water Pollution in Los Angeles County Essay Example for Free

piddle Pollution in Los Angeles County EssayAround 50% or 4. 5 million of the Los Angeles County residents atomic number 18 adults who ar family-oriented professionals with middle to high income professional works (calcium Environmental Protection Agency). They usually rinse off their driveways for much than 200, 000 times in a month into the storm drains and for ab off 375, 000 times a month, throw pouf preciselyts on the ground (California Environmental Protection Agency). Additionally, around 1. 2 million adults are involved in environmental pollution through household chores and railroad car washing (California Environmental Protection Agency).For every month, they usually neglected to recycle or properly toss away used motor oil and other car fluids for more than 124, 000 times. Also, on a monthly basis, for approximately 100, 000 times they spray pesticides on their yards and flush their driveways out into the storm drains for about 85,000 times for every month ( California Environmental Protection Agency). Nonetheless, around 405, 000 young adults or nine percent of the populace used to dump their ashtrays for greater than 20, 000 times in the street in a month and accounted for 42% dumped ashtrays (California Environmental Protection Agency).They also throw litters from their cars for about 575,000 times and personate trashes directly for greater than 125,000 times into the storm drains for every month (California Environmental Protection Agency). With these scenarios, it is foreseen that in the scrawny future, the county has mountains of trashes and contaminated piss resources. Pollution Sources The Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, reported that non-point sources pollution is a major contract of contamination of drinking piddle and adversely affected the wildlife and marine fishes (Storm weewee Pollution Basics).Moreover, in 1992, verbalizes urine choice Assessment reported that pollutants from non-point sources have ruined a round two-thirds of bodies of piss in California ( body of piddle Resources 8. 15-22). In order to mitigate these effects, the federal government issued legislation on industrial activities much(prenominal)(prenominal) as logging and mining to preserve and protect ecological resources. This step is intensively impose through local support like by creating ordinances like on erosion control and order (Storm piss Pollution Basics).Pollutants from point sources can easily be tracked because they usually discharged from distinct establishments through pipes or sewage system ( piss Resources 8. 15-24). The effective regulation of point-sources has brought improvement in the character reference of water among the countrys seas, lakes, rivers, and streams ( body of water Resources 8. 15-24). On the other hand, non-point source pollutants, also called runoffs, are diffused. They credibly transported through a medium from one community to another then accumulated in a particular place , hence, the term runoff.Thus, the non-point sources are much given priority in Clean Water doing of 1972 (Water Resources 8. 15-24). The contamination of groundwater in gray California region is a consequence of poor orbit and water solicitude practices (Water Resources 8. 15-28). Agricultural chemicals like pesticides and fertilizers applied on farms seep into the ground slice leakage on storage and septic tanks in the same manner contaminate the water evade (Adams 5-6). Also, urban runoffs which include dissolved chemicals and suspended particles contribute largely on water timbre abjection (Water Resources 8.15-28). These runoff pollutants include sediments, nutrients, oil spill, metals, pesticides, insecticides, fertilizers, and floatables (Adams 5-6). Limited Water Resources As the world population continuously increases so as the demand for potable water (Guidelines for Water Reuse 3). The increase of residential communities and industrial development in rural areas not only increased the demand for water use but also elevated wastewater discharges (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 19).As a consequence, great number of communities around the world has trammel water supply that necessitated for the conservation and reuse of water (Guidelines for Water Reuse 3). Based on the comely regional consumptive use, major regions of the United States are consuming water greater than the existing water resources (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 20). While some regions are dependent on ground water, other areas are utilizing waters from rivers, lakes, and streams (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 20).Water reuse requires efficient wastewater reclamation and treatment. Majority of water reuse projects can only remedy water for nonpotable use such as for irrigation and industrial purposes (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 19). Although water reclamation and reuse has great advanta ges in conserving water, wastewater treatment for water to yield potable water entails costly treatment plants (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 31).Further, government or other institutional priorities may give additional burden in budget allocation for such projects (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 31). On the other hand, the industrial sectors are mandated by the government to secure for an efficient wastewater pretreatment facilities and management (Guidelines for Water Reuse 4). In this way, the harm of wastewater discharges on the environment is alleviated. Water Pollution regulatingThe Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, now called as Clean Water Act, was amend to expand its control in the regulation of wastewater discharges from the industries through the issuance of National Pollutant Discharge body waste System, NPDES sanction (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). It was again amended in 1987 to include the regulations on storm water discharges through industrial and municipal facilities under the NPDES program (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). As a result, NPDES permit is also mandated for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System effluents.Each state is required by the Clean Water Act to narrow down water standards for local bodies of water in the approval of the EPA (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). The criteria for water quality standards must be developed with respect to water use such as for agricultural purposes and wildlife habitat (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). This include maximum and minimum allowable direct for both dissolved and suspended particles like heavy metals, nutrients, dirt, and bacteria. Nevertheless, the EPA regional offices have specified standards for water quality through California Toxics Rule (Hydrology and Water Quality 6).Also, the section 303 (d) of the Clean Water Act mandated the designation of impaired bodies of water (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). Once identified, the Total Maximum Daily Load, TMDL, should be set for each pollutant present. Then, future wastewater discharges will be assessed based on these criteria to minimize pollutant increase (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). The provisions of the Clean Water Act are the bases of water-quality controls and restrictions for wastewater discharges to rivers and lakes.This was made possible by amending the content of 1972 Federal Water Pollution Control Act that was enriched in 1977 (Coastal Water Quality and Urban Runoff in Orange County 10). Meanwhile, in June 1994, the revised Water Quality Control picture of Los Angeles was adopted by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board. This encompassed agricultural, municipal, and industrial water go (Coastal Water Quality and Urban Runoff in Orange County 5). Presently, Lost Angeles County is throwing about 1, 000 landed estate watersheds through their regional and subregional facilities (Hydrology and Water Quality 5).Indeed, their facil ities are designed to withstand a hundred class frequency storms (Hydrology and Water Quality 5). In addition, local facilities maintained by the local district are also available to protect less than 640 acres watersheds (Hydrology and Water Quality 6). Conclusion The different bodies of water and even ground water of the Southern California are continuously degraded by benignant activities (Water Resources 8. 15-25). Agricultural chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides may infiltrate and contaminate the ground water.Meanwhile, the excessive pumping of water from the water table may result to incursion of seawater into the ground water (Water Resources 8. 15-25). Every water management and planning project needs active participation of the local citizens in order to pee-pee an efficient and sustainable working model (Asano, Burton, Leverenz, Tsuchihashi, Tchobanoglous 31). The participation of the local citizens can be promoted through environmental education campaign on preve ntion and conservation of resources.In connection with this, the Los Angeles County residents are generally bear on with water pollution however, are presently engaged in polluting activities (California Environmental Protection Agency). On the convinced(p) side, they are very willing to actively participate in any anti-pollution projects (California Environmental Protection Agency). Since water pollution is caused primarily of human activities, it is only through active involvement of every citizen in governmental programs, that the goals for pollution abatement can be effectively attained.In this connection, EPA encouraged private citizens to properly dispose garbage and litters thereby avoiding drain clogs and the runoff of these pollutants to bodies of water sparingly use household and garden chemicals maintain plants and ground covers to prevent erosion support local government officials in environmental projects and use environment friendly home products (Stormwater Pollutio n Basics).Works CitedAdams, Gregory. Identifying and Controlling Municipal Wastewater Odor bod II Impacts of Inplant Parameters on Biosolids Odor Quality Werf Report Treatment Processes.London IWA Publishing, 2004. Asano, Takashi, Burton, Franklin L. , Leverenz, Harold L. , Tsuchihashi, Ryujiro, and Tchobanoglous, George. Water Reuse Issues, Technologies, and Applications. USA McGraw-Hill Professional, 2007 California Environmental Protection Agency. Erase the Waste. May 1997. State Water Resources Control Board, Office of general Affairs. 12 December 2008 http//www. swrcb. ca. gov/erasethewaste/docs/campaignprofiles. pdf Coastal Water Quality and Urban Runoff in Orange Country. n. d. Department of Public Works. 12 December 2008 http//www.ocwatersheds. com/brochures/Coastal%20Water%20Quality%20etc%206-15-99. pdf. Guidelines For Water Reuse. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington D. C. Camp Dresser McKee, Inc. 2004. Hydrology and Water Quality. Draft Environmental Impact Report. Los Angeles LSA Associates, Inc. 2008. Stormwater Pollution Basics. n. d. Department of Public Works, Los Angeles County. 12 December 2008 http//dpw. lacounty. gov/PRG/StormWater/Page_36. cfm. Water Resources. Southern California Association of Governments Draft 2008 RTP PEIR, January 2008.